For more than ten years cell fusion techniques have been applied in studies on various lymphocyte functions. Ig expression was first studied in hybrids obtained by fusing myeloma cells with fibroblasts (1) or lymphomas (2), both of which do not produce Ig, and with Ig producing myelomas (3) or human blood lymphocytes (4). Kohler and Milstein (5) fused a myeloma with spleen cells from immunized mice. Up to 10% of the hybrids obtained secreted antibodies specific for the immunizing antigen. This suggested that plasma cells preferenti ally fused with the myeloma cells, a finding which was of enormous practical value. It was found that both Band T lymphocytes could be fused with the T cell tumor BW5147, which is however not permissive for Ig synthesis (6). A very large number of T cell hybridomas were generated by fusing BW5147 with cell populations containing in vivo or in vitro activated cells (7). The hybrids showed no specific T cell functions and binding assays for T cell receptors were not available. In particular, no hybrids were obtained which expreS1ed specific cytolytic activity that could be tested in short-term Cr release assays (8). However, the frustrations expressed about these failures, published in January, 1978 (9), were relieved by Taniguchi and Miller’s publication a few months later of T cell hybridomas producing antigen-specific suppressor factors (10). Unfortunately, their hybrids rapidly lost factor production.
Dive into the groundbreaking world of cellular immunology with "T Cell Hybridomas: A Workshop at the Basel Institute for Immunology (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology), 1st Edition." This seminal work, a product of collaborative effort by W. Haas, G. Kahler, and H. V. Boehmer, provides a fascinating snapshot of the early days of T cell hybridoma research, capturing the excitement and challenges of a field poised to revolutionize our understanding of the immune system. Published in 1982 by Springer, this hardcover volume encapsulates the proceedings of a pivotal workshop held at the prestigious Basel Institute for Immunology. Before the advent of sophisticated genetic engineering techniques, cell fusion offered a revolutionary approach to studying lymphocyte function. This book meticulously details the pioneering efforts to create T cell hybridomas, immortalized cell lines that could express specific T cell functions. Readers will gain insights into the initial attempts to fuse myeloma cells with various lymphocyte populations, inspired by the groundbreaking work of Khler and Milstein in creating antibody-producing hybridomas. The book recounts the initial frustrations in generating T cell hybridomas that retained specific cytolytic activity, vividly capturing the scientific community's anticipation and eventual breakthrough with Taniguchi and Miller's discovery of antigen-specific suppressor factors produced by T cell hybridomas. While the early T cell hybridomas often proved unstable, quickly losing their desired function, the techniques and insights described within this volume paved the way for future advancements in immunology. "T Cell Hybridomas" serves as a valuable historical record of the field's nascent stages, offering a unique perspective on the scientific process of discovery, the hurdles encountered, and the collaborative spirit driving innovation. It provides a crucial context for understanding the evolution of T cell research and the development of tools that are now commonplace in immunological studies. Beyond its historical significance, this book is a treasure trove for researchers, students, and anyone interested in the history of immunology. It details early methods, experimental designs, and the thought processes behind them. The book meticulously reports the techniques used, results obtained, and conclusions drawn, offering a granular view of the research landscape in the early 1980s. This detailed presentation provides invaluable lessons in scientific methodology and critical thinking, fostering a deeper appreciation for the scientific endeavor. Despite being published several decades ago, the fundamental principles and experimental approaches discussed in "T Cell Hybridomas" remain relevant today. The book serves as a reminder of the importance of cell fusion techniques in immunological research, particularly in the generation of monoclonal antibodies and the study of lymphocyte function. It highlights the enduring relevance of the Basel Institute for Immunology as a hub for cutting-edge research and innovation. Whether you are a seasoned immunologist or a student just beginning your journey in this fascinating field, "T Cell Hybridomas" offers a valuable perspective on the past, present, and future of immunological research.